Quran Chapter 8 – 42 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1109) - درس قرآن
Fight among the two opponent Armies
Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils
of War) – Surah – 8)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
إِذْ أَنتُم بِٱلْعُدْوَةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَهُم بِٱلْعُدْوَةِ ٱلْقُصْوَىٰ وَٱلرَّكْبُ أَسْفَلَمِنكُمْ وَلَوْ تَوَاعَدتُّمْ لَٱخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِى ٱلْمِيعَٰدِ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَقْضِىَ ٱللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا لِّيَهْلِكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٍ وَيَحْيَىٰ مَنْ حَىَّ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٍ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَلَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ 42
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42. When ye were on the near bank (of the valley) and
they were on the yonder bank, and the caravan was below you (on the coast
plain). And had ye trysted to meet one another ye surely would have failed to
keep the tryst, but (it happened, as it did, without the forethought of
either of you) that Allah might conclude a thing that must be done; that he
who was to perish (on that day) might perish by a clear proof (of His
Sovereignty) and he who was to survive might survive by a clear proof (of His
Sovereignty). Lo! Allah in truth is Hearer, Knower.
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42. ‘Iz ‘antum bil-‘udwatid-dunyaa
wa hum bil-‘udwatil-quswaa war-rakbu ‘asfala
minkum. Wa law tawaa-‘attum lakh-talaftum
fil-mii-‘aadi, wa laakilli-yaqzi-yAllaahu ‘amran-
kaana maf-‘uulan, Liyah-lika man halaka
‘am- Bayyi-natinw-wa yah-yaa man hayya
‘am- Bayyinah. Wa ‘innAllaaha la-Samii-‘un
‘Aliim.
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Commentary
‘Al-‘udwatu –
(bank, side, boundary), origin of this word is ‘adu, which means
“opposite side”. It aims also “to cross the line, an enemy”. The words ‘udwaan
and ‘adaawah etc. are from it too. Here it means “the place,
which is at some distance”.
‘Ad-dunyaa –
(near, close to), the word Dunyaa means “this world too
because this world is near, and it is feminine of ‘adnaa. Both
words have the same meaning i.e. near.
‘Al-quswaa – (on
the yonder bank, distant, far), quswaa is feminine of ‘aqsaa.
Meanings of both words are “away”.
Bayyi-nah –
(clear proof, evidence and arguments), here it aims “such clear proof, argument
and reason should be established on the truth that there should remain no scope
of doubt to any individual.
In the Battle of Badr,
the Muslims were on that side which was near Madinah, whereas the
idolaters of Makkah were at that place which was far
from Madinah, and the caravan of Qureish traders
was going to Makkah; along-side the bank of the sea; below that
place where the Muslims were existing.
The Muslims came out from Madinah with
the intention of taking possession of the wealth of that caravan, but the
caravan escaped, whereas they confronted the Army of the infidels of Makkah who
had come to save their caravan.
In this verse, a map of both
parties at the place of Badr and the place of caravan; has
been drawn. The Muslims were at that side of the field of Badr,
which was near Madinah. On the opposite side before them, the
infidels were staying on the yonder bank from Madinah. And the
caravan had arrived at a safe place behind the Army of infidels in other valley
by crossing both troops. Likewise, the Army of infidels was between the Muslims
and the caravan.
It is commanded that this
entire map of the war was determined by the will of God Almighty because He
desired to manifest the right and the wrong clearly, and the world should know
that the Muslims were on the Right Path but the infidels at wrong.
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