Wednesday, April 8, 2020

Distribution of property of the dead - Quran Chapter 8 – 75 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1135) - درس قرآن


Quran Chapter 8 – 75 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1135) - درس قرآن

Distribution of property of the dead

Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils of War) – Surah – 8)

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim. 
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.

(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

 وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مِنۢ بَعْدُ وَهَاجَرُوا۟ وَجَٰهَدُوا۟ مَعَكُمْ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمْ وَأُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَىٰ بِبَعْضٍ فِى كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍعَلِيمٌۢ 75

75.  And those who afterwards believed and left their homes and strove along with you, they are of you; and those who are akin are nearer to one another in the ordinance of Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower of all things.         
75.  Walla-ziina  ‘aamanuu  mim-ba’-du  wa  haa-jaruu  wa  jaahaduu  ma-‘akum  fa-‘ulaaa-‘ika  minkum.  Wa  ‘ulul-‘arhaami  ba’-zuhum  ‘awlaa  bi-ba’-zin-  fii  Kitaa-bIllaah.  ‘InnAllaaha  bi-kulli  shay-‘in  ‘Aliim.  

Commentary

It has been described in this verse that; those people who entered in Islam afterwards and believed, immigrated, came to Madinah and joined the earlier immigrants, helped them in their works and participated in their efforts and strife, they all are brothers one of another. Their internal and external relations are the same as of yours.

As if, the near relatives of previous immigrants come after accepting Islam and immigration, then they would be heirs of their relatives, and according to the Scripture of Allah Almighty (Holy Qur’an), which portion of kinsmen has been prescribed in the hereditary; the property of the dead person will be divided into them. Due to new brother-hood (among immigrants and inhabitants), they will not be deprived. A heritage will be distributed between the new brother-hood till such time; the actual kinsmen do not reach their relatives in Madinah after immigration. When they arrived at Madinah, then their right is at first priority in the portion of the deceased’s property. The legacy of the dead immigrant will be distributed among them only.

Everything is in the Knowledge of God Almighty, He knows it also that how the heritage should be divided and whose right is antecedent. On the basis of His Knowledge; He determined heirs of one another to the immigrants and the inhabitants (Muhajiriin and Ansaar) due to brotherhood.

After that, when kinsmen of the immigrants reached Madinah after immigration and joined them, then the original law about legacy was regularized. Therefore, the property of the dead person will be distributed in accordance with that law. And then; no one was authorized to decrease or increase any portion of heritage. However, if that individual, who is at the death’s door, does act of kindness with someone else, he is entitled to do so up to one-third portion of his property. More than this portion of his last will; will be corrected and distributed according to the religious law.

‘Ulul-‘arhaami - (kinsmen, relatives), it is plural of zo-rihmRihm means “the womb, matrices, relations by the mother’s side”. Here; the aim from ‘ulul-‘arhaam  is “those entire near relatives whose portion has been prescribed in the property of the person who has died and those who are given remaining property after distributing the portions to rightful heirs”. Those relatives and kinsmen are also called Zawil-‘arhaam. First kind of people is called Zawil-furuuz and the second is ‘Asbah. Actual aim from this verse is “these entire relatives”.

According to the terminology of the Jurisprudence (Fiqah), those relatives have been included in ‘ulul-‘arhaam too; who are not Zawil-furuuz or ‘Asbah. The detail about their portion or right in the heritage has been mentioned in the Books of Fiqah. Instructions about them can be known from there.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/r1KCmBQXaJU

No comments:

Post a Comment